The plow is made up of different parts, each of which performs a specific and essential function.
The plowshare, made of iron, is the main component that cuts the strip of land horizontally, turning it over. Its structure varies according to the nature of the soil, taking on the shapes of a point, triangle, trapezium, shovel or tongue.
The stump constitutes the massive base of the plow, providing stability and contributing to the crumbling of the soil.
The moldboard is responsible for turning the cut clod of earth, inverting the layers of the soil. In symmetrical plows, we find two moldboards, to the right and left of the stump, while in asymmetrical ones there is a single moldboard.
The bure acts as the main drawbar, to which the plow is applied. Its length can vary, ending in a two-shaft drawbar for attaching draft animals or, if shorter, with an attachment device for mechanical means. The bure also allows the depth of the furrow to be determined and can be adjusted to influence the angle at which the ploughshare penetrates the soil.
The handle is a rod at the rear of the bure, used by the ploughman to guide the tool. It can be single or double and often has a handle at the end.
The profime is a wooden or iron rod that connects the bure to the stump, adjusting the angle between these two parts and stabilizing the plough, helping to control the depth of digging.
The coulter or knife is a forward-sloping blade, fixed to the bure. This component divides the earth in front of the ploughshare and cuts the grass layer, facilitating ploughing.